Constructing a Septic Tank: A How-To Guide

Home improvement is a never-ending process, especially when it comes to taking care of your home’s sewage and waste management. A septic tank is an essential component of such a system, especially in areas where an underground sewer system is not available. Constructing a septic tank requires careful planning and expert execution. In this guide, we will discuss the steps you need to follow to build a septic tank that will serve you well for years to come.

Septic tanks are large underground tanks that treat sewage and household waste. Solid waste sinks to the bottom of the tank, while liquid waste flows off to a designated area where it is absorbed into the soil [source: Hygnstrom, Skipton, Woldt]. It is important to note that septic tanks should be pumped out regularly, and the frequency of pumping depends on the number of people using the septic tank [source: Bounds]. In some states, a certified installer is required to install septic tanks [source: Hygnstrom, Skipton, Woldt].

• Determine the capacity of the tank: The size of the tank depends on the number of people in the household. Consult with your installer to determine the appropriate size.
• Choose the type of tank: Septic tanks can be made of different materials, such as steel, fiberglass, or reinforced concrete. Discuss your options with your installer and choose the one that best suits your needs.
• Select the location: Your septic tank should be positioned downhill from your home to allow for gravity to work in your favor and have the waste flow down the pipe into the tank.
• Excavate the area: You can dig the hole yourself, but it is best to consult with your installer or a structural engineer to determine the exact dimensions and position of the hole. You will also need to excavate an area for a pipe at least 4 inches (10 centimeters) in diameter, running from the house to the tank. For every 12 inches (30.5 centimeters) of pipe length, there should be a drop of ¼ inch (.64 centimeters). You will also need to run a pipe from the tank to the leach area, where the liquid waste seeps into the soil [source: Bounds, Hygnstrom, Skipton, Woldt].

FAQ

1. What is a septic tank?

A septic tank is a large underground container that collects and treats sewage and wastewater from homes and buildings that are not connected to a centralized sewer system. It is designed to separate solids from liquids and break down organic matter, allowing the liquid to drain into a drain field for further treatment.

2. Do I need a septic tank?

If your home or building is not connected to a centralized sewer system, then you will need a septic tank. It is important to have a properly functioning septic tank in order to prevent health hazards and environmental pollution.

3. How do I choose the right size septic tank?

The size of your septic tank will depend on the size of your home or building and the number of people who will be using it. A general rule of thumb is to have a tank that can hold at least 1,000 gallons of wastewater for every three bedrooms in the home or building.

4. What is involved in the installation process?

The installation process involves excavating a large hole for the septic tank, connecting the tank to the plumbing system of the home or building, and installing a drain field for the liquid to drain into. It is important to have a professional contractor handle the installation process to ensure that it is done correctly and safely.

5. How often does a septic tank need to be pumped?

A septic tank should be pumped every 3-5 years, depending on the size of the tank and the amount of use it receives. Regular maintenance and pumping can help prevent costly repairs and ensure the longevity of the septic system.

6. How do I know if my septic tank needs to be pumped?

If you notice slow draining sinks or toilets, foul odors, or standing water around your septic tank, it may be time to have it pumped. A professional septic tank inspector can also assess the level of solids in the tank and determine if pumping is necessary.

7. How do I maintain my septic tank?

Maintaining your septic tank involves regular pumping, careful use of water and household chemicals, and avoiding flushing non-biodegradable materials down the toilet. It is also important to have a professional inspector check the tank periodically for leaks or other issues.

8. What should I do if my septic tank fails?

If your septic tank fails, it is important to have it repaired or replaced as soon as possible to prevent health hazards and environmental pollution. Contact a professional septic tank contractor to assess the situation and provide recommendations for repair or replacement.

9. Can I use a septic tank for a commercial building?

Yes, septic tanks can be used for commercial buildings as well as residential homes. However, the size and type of septic tank needed will depend on the size and type of commercial building and the amount of wastewater generated.

10. Are there any regulations or permits required for septic tank installation?

Yes, there are often regulations and permits required for septic tank installation, depending on the state and local regulations. It is important to check with your local authorities and septic tank contractor to ensure that all necessary permits and regulations are met during the installation process.