Steps to Construct a Handicap Ramp

Home Improvement

The most common type of handicap ramp is a wheelchair ramp. Before beginning construction, ensure that you have accurate designs and plans. The Americans with Disabilities Act provides detailed specifications on how ramps should be built. Following these instructions will ensure that your handicap ramp complies with federal regulations.

1. Use pressure-treated wood and galvanized screws that can withstand the elements.
2. Create a mold and pour a concrete landing for the ramp. The landing must be at least 5 feet by 5 feet (1.52 meters by 1.52 meters) to allow a wheelchair to turn around.
3. Determine the length of the ramp you want to construct. The instructions provided here will help you make a ramp that is 15 feet (4.6 meters) long and 36 inches (.913 meters) wide.
4. Take a 2-by-12-by-15-foot stringer and draw a line from one corner to the diagonally opposite corner using a pencil and tape measure to form two identical triangles.
5. Cut the wood along the line to create two side pieces for the frame.
6. Place the side pieces on either side of the house’s door, 12 inches (.3 meters) away from the house and sloping up. There should be 36 inches (.913 meters) between the side pieces.
7. Cut eleven 36-inch (.913-meter) cross joists from wood.
8. Install the joists inside the frame and screw them to both sides of the frame at 16-inch (41-centimeter) intervals.
9. Screw a 2-by-4-by-36-inch piece of wood into the wall under the door of the house.
10. Make a 12-by-36-inch piece of plywood.
11. Screw one end of the plywood onto the top of the wood you screwed under the door. Screw the other end to the end of the frame to create a platform landing.
12. Cut enough 36-inch-wide (.913-meter) pieces of plywood to cover the entire ramp. Screw them to the frame to create the ramp floor.
13. Attach the frame to the concrete landing. Use a drill with masonry bits to drive anchors into the concrete and then drive screws through the wood into the anchors.

[sources: New Disability, Mobility Advisor]

FAQ

1. What are the legal requirements for building a handicap ramp?

The legal requirements for building a handicap ramp vary depending on the location, but in general, they must comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) guidelines. This includes minimum width, slope, and landing requirements, as well as handrail specifications. It is important to check with local building codes and consult with a professional contractor to ensure compliance.

2. What materials are commonly used to build handicap ramps?

The most common materials used to build handicap ramps are wood, concrete, and aluminum. Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages. Wood is affordable and easy to work with, but requires regular maintenance. Concrete is durable and long-lasting, but can be expensive. Aluminum is lightweight and low-maintenance, but may not be as aesthetically pleasing as other options.

3. How long does it take to build a handicap ramp?

The time it takes to build a handicap ramp depends on the size and complexity of the project. A simple ramp can be built in a day or two, while a more complex ramp may take several weeks. It is important to plan ahead and allow enough time for the project to be completed properly.

4. Do I need a professional contractor to build a handicap ramp?

While it is possible to build a handicap ramp yourself, it is recommended to hire a professional contractor with experience in building ramps. They will be able to ensure that the ramp meets all legal requirements and is safe for use. Additionally, a professional contractor will have access to the necessary tools and equipment to complete the project efficiently.

5. How much does it cost to build a handicap ramp?

The cost of building a handicap ramp varies depending on the materials used, size of the ramp, and whether or not a professional contractor is hired. A basic wooden ramp can cost around $500, while a more complex ramp can cost several thousand dollars. It is important to budget for the project and to get multiple quotes from contractors before making a decision.

6. Can a handicap ramp be built without a permit?

In most cases, a permit is required to build a handicap ramp. This is to ensure that the ramp meets all legal requirements and is safe for use. It is important to check with local building codes to determine whether a permit is necessary. Building a ramp without a permit can result in fines and legal issues.

7. How do I maintain a handicap ramp?

To maintain a handicap ramp, it is important to regularly inspect it for any damage or wear and tear. Wooden ramps may need to be painted or sealed periodically to protect them from the elements. Aluminum ramps can be cleaned with soap and water. It is also important to clear away any debris or obstacles that may be blocking the ramp.

8. Can a handicap ramp be removed if it is no longer needed?

Yes, a handicap ramp can be removed if it is no longer needed. However, it is important to follow proper procedures to ensure that the area is restored to its original condition. This may include filling in any holes or gaps in the ground, as well as removing any anchors or supports that were used to secure the ramp.