Deciphering Thread Count: What Does it Really Mean?

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Although some people may believe that thread count is simply a marketing scheme to enhance the luxuriousness of Egyptian cotton sheets, it is actually a scientific measurement with strict federal guidelines on how threads are counted. Thread count refers to the number of threads woven into one square inch, including the lengthwise (warp) and widthwise (weft) threads. For example, 100 lengthwise threads woven with 100 widthwise threads create a thread count of 200. The concept of thread count has become a popular buzzword for promoting high-end sheets, shirts, and other woven fabrics. However, a higher thread count does not always equate to better quality. Consumer Reports states that a thread count of 200 is adequate, and 400 may even feel softer. Anything above 400 will likely only increase the price [source: Consumer Reports].

The type of fabric produced by various thread counts also varies. For instance, a thread count of 150 (75 threads in each direction) creates muslin, which feels slightly rough, as opposed to silk-like. A thread count of 180 is considered good quality, while anything above 200 is considered even better [source: Linenplace].

So how do manufacturers claim thread counts of 800 or even 1,200? The answer is creative math. Manufacturers compete to create the highest thread count by counting not only individual threads, but individual fibers (called plies) that comprise each thread. A single thread may consist of four plies twisted together, which one manufacturer may count as one thread, while another counts as four. Consumer Reports hired an independent textile lab to test a $280 queen sheet set with a thread count of 1,200 and found only 416 threads per inch, which is just 35% of the manufacturer’s claim [source: Consumer Reports].

The Federal Trade Commission has even stepped in, as Bed, Bath & Beyond was sued for misrepresenting thread count. They settled the case without admitting any fault by offering refunds, gift cards, and discounts [source: Bed, Bath & Beyond Court Settlement].

Although thread count is an important factor, it is not the only one to consider when selecting sheets. Quality of threads, not just quantity, is crucial. Additionally, the quality of cotton sheets depends on multiple factors, including fiber quality, yarn size, finishing, thread count, and construction.

Quantity vs Quality of Threads

Fabric durability increases with longer fibers.

Cris Bouroncle/AFP/Getty Images

A higher thread count does not necessarily indicate superior quality if the threads being counted are of low quality. The quality of cotton sheets depends on various factors, such as fiber quality, yarn size, finishing, thread count, and construction. A fabric with a thread count of 200 and high-quality fibers may have a better feel than a thread count of 400 with inferior-quality fibers or twisted threads.

In the world of cotton, the quality is determined by the length of the fiber. Egyptian cotton, known for its longer fibers or staples, produces stronger threads and more durable fabric than other types of cotton. Although Egyptian cotton was originally grown only in Egypt, it is now grown globally. The quality of raw cotton fibers is further improved through a process called carding, which removes smaller fibers and leaves longer ones behind. Combing is another process used to remove additional small fibers. The remaining clean cotton fibers are then spun into threads and woven into fabrics. The fabric undergoes two additional processes, singeing and mercerizing. Singeing removes fuzz from the fabric that could cause pilling later on, while mercerizing is a process that increases the fabric’s strength and dye acceptance. As consumers become more aware, the trend of high thread counts may be coming to an end. Consumer Reports recommends choosing sheets with a thread count between 200 and 400 that meet all other criteria, as paying more for a higher thread count is unnecessary. To learn more about bedding, thread count, and related topics, see the links on the next page.

FAQ on Thread Count

What is the meaning of “thread count”?

Thread count refers to the number of horizontal and vertical threads present in one square inch. For instance, if there are 50 threads woven horizontally and 50 threads woven vertically, the total thread count will be 100. Normally, this concept is used while referring to bed sheets as they become softer with an increase in the thread count.

What is the standard for high-quality bed sheets?

A good quality bed sheet is made up of a greater number of fine threads woven together, which in turn increases the quality of the fabric and its price. A bed sheet must have a thread count of 200 or more to be considered of good quality – a count that is usually seen in cotton sheets. Sheets made from Egyptian cotton, sateen, and bamboo have a thread count ranging from 300 to 500, which is higher than the usual count of 200.

Is Egyptian cotton suitable for bed sheets?

Yes, if you want luxurious, breathable, comfortable, and long-lasting bed sheets, then Egyptian cotton is an ideal choice. Egyptian cotton sheets usually have a thread count ranging from 300 to 400 and are known for their premium quality and softness.

Which thread count bed sheets do luxury hotels use?

Luxury hotels do not have any specific limits on thread count or price for bed sheets. Generally, the more one pays, the better quality sheets they get. Most hotels use bed sheets with a thread count of 250, while high-end hotels use sheets with a 300 thread count. Some luxury hotels even use bed sheets with a thread count of 600 or 800, but this varies from hotel to hotel.

What is the ideal thread count for bed sheets to stay cool?

Thread count has little to do with staying cool while sleeping; the material of the bed sheet is more important. Lightweight fabrics like bamboo, linen, and certain cotton blends are excellent choices for those who tend to sweat overnight. There are various brands and types of bed sheets available that are specifically designed to be breathable and cooling.

Additional Information

Related HowStuffWorks Articles

• Would you pay $64,950 for a bed?
• How to Clean Your Bedding
• How to Clean Natural Fabrics
• How Sleep Works

More Great Links

• Demystifying Thread Count: What to Consider When Buying Sheets
• History of Cotton
• Buying Egyptian Cotton in Egypt
• How to sleep well
• Bed and cot recalls

Sources

• “Beyond Thread Count.” Yves Delorme. http://www.yvesdelorme.com/pages/detail/id_13/n_beyond_thread_count/
• National Textile Association. http://www.nationaltextile.org/
• Federal Trade Commission: http://www.ftc.gov/os/statutes/textile/letters/natltextileassn.pdf
• “Some thread counts are bogus,” Consumer Reports. January 2008. http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/home-garden/bed-bath/bedroom/sheets/sheets-805/thread-counts/index.htm
• “The Truth About Thread Count.” Linenplace.http://www.linenplace.com/product_guide/truth_about_thread_count.html

FAQ

1. What is thread count?

Thread count refers to the number of threads that are woven into a square inch of fabric. The higher the thread count, the denser the weave of the fabric. This is measured by counting the number of horizontal and vertical threads woven together in one square inch of fabric.

2. Is a higher thread count always better?

Not necessarily. While a higher thread count can indicate a denser, more luxurious fabric, it is not the only factor to consider when purchasing sheets. The quality of the thread used, the type of weave, and the material itself all play a role in the overall quality of the fabric.

3. What is the ideal thread count for sheets?

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as personal preference and budget are important factors to consider. However, many people find that a thread count of 400-600 provides a comfortable and durable fabric.

4. Can thread count be manipulated?

Yes, some manufacturers may use multi-ply threads or add extra threads in the weave to artificially inflate the thread count. This can result in a less durable fabric that may not provide the same level of comfort as a naturally high thread count.

5. What types of materials have the highest thread count?

Cotton is the most popular material for sheets with a high thread count, as it is soft, durable, and breathable. However, other materials such as linen and silk can also have a high thread count and provide a luxurious feel.

6. Can thread count affect the feel of the fabric?

Yes, a higher thread count can result in a softer and smoother feel to the fabric. However, the type of weave can also play a role in the overall feel of the fabric.

7. How important is thread count for pillowcases?

Thread count can be important for pillowcases, as a high thread count can result in a smoother and more comfortable surface to rest your head on. However, other factors such as the material and weave are also important to consider.

8. How often should I replace sheets with a high thread count?

While a high thread count can indicate a durable fabric, it is still important to replace sheets regularly to ensure comfort and hygiene. It is recommended to replace sheets every 2-3 years, or more frequently if they show signs of wear and tear.

9. Does a higher thread count mean the sheets are more expensive?

Not necessarily. While a higher thread count can indicate a more luxurious fabric, it is still possible to find affordable sheets with a high thread count. However, other factors such as the material and brand can also affect the price.

10. Can I wash sheets with a high thread count in the washing machine?

Yes, sheets with a high thread count can be washed in the washing machine. However, it is important to follow the care instructions on the label to ensure that they are washed properly and maintain their quality over time.